TIL these were real creatures that existed

Oct 20, 2023 11:17 PM

NerdNerdburger

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From Wikipedia: Cotylorhynchus is an extinct genus of herbivorous caseid synapsids that lived during the late Lower Permian (Kungurian) and possibly the early Middle Permian (Roadian) in what is now Texas and Oklahoma in the United States.

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Some members of this genus could grow to ~6 m long and weigh 500 kg. Yet its skull was no larger than ours and quite a bit less, shall we say, capacious in the braincase department.

Whatever its dentition up there might suggest, it was an herbivore as you probably guessed from the rest of its features. Embarrassingly, as a synapsid, we're more closely related to this thing than dinosaurs. I get everyone's got a dark horse (or in this case a dumb horse) somewhere on the family tree. And humanity as a whole has an awful lot of these.

From Wikipedia: Estemmenosuchus (meaning "crowned crocodile" in Greek) is an extinct genus of large, early omnivorous therapsid. It is believed and interpreted to have lived during the middle part of the Middle Permian around 267 million years ago. The two species, E. uralensis and E. mirabilis, are characterised by distinctive horn-like structures, which were probably used for intra-specific display.

These hippo-gators with Corsola hats are also distant relatives of ours, being in the synapsid clade. The two species in the genus could reach 2 and 3m long respectively. Their genus is among the first to have developed differentiated teeth for different purposes.

And then there's Eryops, the polar opposite of Cotylorhynchus with a head somewhere between 1/4 and 1/3 of its total body length.
From Wikipedia: Eryops (from Greek eryein, 'drawn-out' + ops, 'face', because most of its skull was in front of its eyes) is a genus of extinct, amphibious temnospondyls. It contains the single species Eryops megacephalus, the fossils of which are found mainly in early Permian (about 295 million years ago) rocks of the Texas Red Beds, located in Archer County, Texas. Fossils have also been found in late Carboniferous period rocks from New Mexico. Several complete skeletons of Eryops have been found in lower Permian rocks, but skull bones and teeth are its most common fossils.

Fortunately, as this creature that looks like a croc hooked up with a bullfrog is on another branch of the evolutionary tree, the one that became amphibians. And the weird thing is, the temnospondyl order is full of genera that look like crocodiles shot out of cannons into concrete walls, mostly in the family Dissorophidae, which Eryops is ironically not part of. Eryops is part of family Eryopidae, most of whose members are less horizontally challenged. Meanwhile over in Dissorophidae, there's...

Genus Kamacops, containing only K. acervalis, a foot-long specimen from Russia.

From Wikipedia: Cacops ("ugly look" for its strange appearance), is a genus of dissorophid temnospondyls from the Kungurian stage of the early Permian of the United States. Cacops is one of the few olsoniforms (dissorophids and the larger trematopids) whose ontogeny (development from egg to adult) is known. Cacops fossils were almost exclusively known from the Cacops Bone Bed of the Lower Permian Arroyo Formation of Texas for much of the 20th century. New material collected from the Dolese Brothers Quarry, near Richards Spur, Oklahoma in the past few decades has been recovered, painting a clearer picture of what the animal looked and acted like.

There were 3 species in this neckless genus, and they were probably predatory despite being only about 0.4 m long, among the largest in their family. The above reconstruction is half of what convinced me to make this post (the other being #1).

And here's Zygosaurus Iucius, another cringing baby croc in a mono-species genus that is actually amphibious. It was about 20 cm and lived in the mid-to-late Permian in what is now Russia. Back then Eurasia was rotated about 90 degrees counterclockwise and so the part that is modern-day Russia extended from roughly its current latitude to about as far south as Florida.

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#1 aw man, that turtle is gunna be super embarrassed when he realized he forgot his shell...

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

#2 Get rotated, idiot.

2 years ago | Likes 8 Dislikes 0

That was supposed to be at the end

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Is anyone giving away some dragon head?

2 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

Potatosaurus

2 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

One of these pics is not like the others.

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

#2 was supposed to be at the end, and was at the end when I submitted it to the public gallery. Imgur glitches like that sometimes.

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

#1. Thanks for your sacrifice, I may have run you thru my gas tank at some point.

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Doubtful. Most petroleum deposits are the remains of mass plankton and algae die-offs

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

2 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

Caseoh ansestors

1 year ago | Likes 0 Dislikes 0

Ah early prehistory, where Gaia made the mistake and told Evolution you can't do that. To which Evolution said, "Hold my beer".

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Im calling that last one TerrorTadpole

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

When some humans dig up an ancestor's skull and claim it's just an elephant.

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

#2 literally just making up dinosaurs

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

#2 one was supposed to be at the end. Imgur glitched on submission and stuck it second. It's a big that strikes fairly often.

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

TIL Ted Cruz is a cotylorhynchus

2 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

Dickheads?

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

It's Kamacops, My Dudes

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

UuuuuuaaaaaAAAAAAAAAAAA

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Alligatoads & froggodiles

2 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

Did the first one go extinct because everybody laughed at it?

2 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

Possibly. It certainly didn't make it to the Great Dying that killed most of the rest

2 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

2 years ago | Likes 3 Dislikes 0

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Too big of goofballs to avoid extinction

2 years ago | Likes 17 Dislikes 0

I actually burst out laughing at the first picture. Thanks, I needed that.

2 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

It certainly looks like something that would have lived in Texas.

2 years ago | Likes 48 Dislikes 0

Fromw hat I can gather a few of these are politicians there to this day

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Have some respect for governor Abbott. /s

2 years ago | Likes 4 Dislikes 0

The top one is a Didesaurusnudy Turtle.

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Cotylorhynchus, aka the potato-chip-saurus. (I'm aware it's not a diapsid, I just like the name)

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

#5 I was just at the Tyrrell museum, and saw this skull in person

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

You lucky dog!

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

6 m ≈ 20 feet

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

500 kg ≈ 1100 pounds or 79 stone

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

"I WAS IN THE POOL!"

2 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

I don't get the reference...

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

A classic Seinfeld bit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ldUZvxjKMGs

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Oh, right. I didn't get it because it wasn't *that* head

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

#1 looks like a shell-less turtle.

2 years ago | Likes 149 Dislikes 0

Looks more like shirtless Elon Musk.

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

Ironically they are closer to mammals than turtles. :D

2 years ago | Likes 5 Dislikes 0

v

2 years ago | Likes 14 Dislikes 0

Turdle

2 years ago | Likes 25 Dislikes 0

Urle

2 years ago | Likes 6 Dislikes 0

v

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Did it have feathers?

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

As a synapsid, no, if anything it might've had some early version of mammalian hair.

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

@BotDrawA Cotylorhynchus { covered in feathers, }

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

@RummageSaleBubbler Here's your (experimental extra) drawing of a "Cotylorhynchus covered in feathers, in a gloomy cemetery with fog by Craig Mullins, concept art"

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

@RummageSaleBubbler Here's your (experimental extra) drawing of a "Cotylorhynchus, with scary owls"

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

What? This bot's a hoot.

2 years ago | Likes 1 Dislikes 0

@RummageSaleBubbler Here's your drawing of a "Cotylorhynchus covered in feathers"

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Great. Now we just have a normal (but scary looking) bird.

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

@RummageSaleBubbler Here's your drawing of a "Cotylorhynchus"

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

Pretty spot on.

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

It has 5 feet...

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0

That costs extra at some places.

2 years ago | Likes 2 Dislikes 0